Utilization of milkfish (chanos chanos) scale as varnish for print finishing/ Latrell Penny C. Alindogan, Sara Bernadette D. Balbido, Bryan Christian T. Juplo, Cyril John A. Matias, and Daryl Hart B. Sandico.--

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Alindongan, Latrell Penny C [author]

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Material type: Text

TextPublication details: Manila: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025.Description: xi, 103pages: 29cmContent type:

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BTH TP 949 A45 2025

Dissertation note: College of Industrial Technology.-- Bachelor of technology major in print media technology: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025. Summary: Using synthetic varnish in print production has contributed to plastic pollution and hindered printing waste recycling. This study, "Utilization of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Scale as Varnish for Print Finishing," aimed to develop a varnish for print finishing. Milkfish scales collected from the Zapote-Bacoor Market in Bacoor City, Cavite, underwent demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation to extract chitosan, the key component in the varnish. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the suitability of the extracted chitosan. The varnish was formulated by dissolving chitosan in 1% acetic acid solution, mixed with glycerol, ethanol, PEG 600, and sodium alginate. Drying tests evaluated viscosity, drying time, and film formation. Trial 3, composed of chitosan, ethanol, PEG 600, and glycerol without sodium alginate, demonstrated the highest viscosity (403 cps), faster drying time, and superior film-forming capabilities, especially on photo and sticker paper. The color and odor of the varnish applied to the substrate changed over time. To assess acceptability, 30 respondents, including printers, finishers, and students from the Graphic Arts and Printing Technology Department, evaluated the varnish using the TUP-CIT Matrix System, covering functionality, aesthetics, durability, workability, economy, safety, and saleability. The product received an overall rating of 4.58, interpreted as very good and highly acceptable. This study highlights the potential of milkfish scales as an alternative to synthetic varnish.

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Item type	Current library	Shelving location	Call number	Copy number	Status	Date due	Barcode
Bachelor's Thesis CIT	TUP Manila Library	Thesis Section-2nd floor	BTH TP 949 A45 2025 (Browse shelf(Opens below))	c.1.	Not for loan		BTH0006555

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Bachelor's thesis

College of Industrial Technology.-- Bachelor of technology major in print media technology: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025.

Includes bibliographic references and index.

Using synthetic varnish in print production has contributed to plastic pollution and
hindered printing waste recycling. This study, "Utilization of Milkfish (Chanos chanos)
Scale as Varnish for Print Finishing," aimed to develop a varnish for print finishing.
Milkfish scales collected from the Zapote-Bacoor Market in Bacoor City, Cavite,
underwent demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation to extract chitosan, the
key component in the varnish. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the
suitability of the extracted chitosan. The varnish was formulated by dissolving chitosan in
1% acetic acid solution, mixed with glycerol, ethanol, PEG 600, and sodium alginate.
Drying tests evaluated viscosity, drying time, and film formation. Trial 3, composed of
chitosan, ethanol, PEG 600, and glycerol without sodium alginate, demonstrated the
highest viscosity (403 cps), faster drying time, and superior film-forming capabilities,
especially on photo and sticker paper. The color and odor of the varnish applied to the
substrate changed over time. To assess acceptability, 30 respondents, including printers,
finishers, and students from the Graphic Arts and Printing Technology Department,
evaluated the varnish using the TUP-CIT Matrix System, covering functionality, aesthetics,
durability, workability, economy, safety, and saleability. The product received an overall
rating of 4.58, interpreted as very good and highly acceptable. This study highlights the
potential of milkfish scales as an alternative to synthetic varnish.

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