Phytoremediation potential of spreading dayflower (commelina diffusa) for lead contamination in soil along the zapote riverbanks, bacoor city, cavite/ Nadine Royce T. Nuñez, Yvonne P. Pallino, Jon Rhuzzel S. Paura, and Jeverson T. Rosario.--

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Nuñez, Nadine Royce T [author]

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TextPublication details: Manila: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025.Description: x, 117pages: 29cmContent type:

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BTH GF 41 N86 2025

Dissertation note: College of Science.-- Bachelor of science in environmental science: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025. Summary: Lead (Pb) contamination in soil presents a significant environmental and public health concern, particularly in urban riverbank areas exposed to industrial and domestic waste. This study analyzed the phytoremediation potential of spreading dayflower (Commelina diffusa) in lead-contaminated soils, specifically focusing on the Zapote Riverbanks in Bacoor City, Cavite. The study aimed to evaluate the plant’s growth response under varying lead concentrations, quantify its lead uptake capacity using bioconcentration factor (BCF), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and translocation factor (TF), and validate its effectiveness in naturally contaminated soil. A two-month pot experiment was conducted under a control (0 ppm), lead treatment setups (5 ppm 12.5 ppm, and 25 ppm), alongside an uncontrolled setup using Zapote soil (12.5 ppm). Weekly growth indicators including stem width, plant height, leaf discoloration, and number of leaves were monitored. Lead concentrations in roots and shoots were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Statistical analyses were performed using correlation analysis and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results showed that increasing Pb concentrations negatively affected plant width and height, with 25 ppm exhibiting the most growth inhibition. However, C. diffusa maintained growth at 12.5 ppm and in Zapote soil, showing resilience under moderate contamination. The highest BCF (1.22) and BAF (1.13) were observed at 12.5 ppm, with a TF close to 1, indicating optimal phytoextraction performance. At 25 ppm and in Zapote soil, lead was retained mostly in roots (TF < 1), suggesting a shift toward phytostabilization. The study concludes that C. diffusa demonstrates dual remediation capacity, phytoextraction at moderate Pb levels and phytostabilization at higher or natural contamination levels, making it a viable, low-cost, and ecologically sustainable candidate for in-situ remediation of lead- contaminated riverbank soils.

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Bachelor's thesis

College of Science.-- Bachelor of science in environmental science: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025.

Includes bibliographic references and index.

Lead (Pb) contamination in soil presents a significant environmental and public health
concern, particularly in urban riverbank areas exposed to industrial and domestic waste.
This study analyzed the phytoremediation potential of spreading dayflower (Commelina
diffusa) in lead-contaminated soils, specifically focusing on the Zapote Riverbanks in
Bacoor City, Cavite. The study aimed to evaluate the plant’s growth response under
varying lead concentrations, quantify its lead uptake capacity using bioconcentration factor
(BCF), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and translocation factor (TF), and validate its
effectiveness in naturally contaminated soil. A two-month pot experiment was conducted
under a control (0 ppm), lead treatment setups (5 ppm 12.5 ppm, and 25 ppm), alongside
an uncontrolled setup using Zapote soil (12.5 ppm). Weekly growth indicators including
stem width, plant height, leaf discoloration, and number of leaves were monitored. Lead
concentrations in roots and shoots were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
(AAS). Statistical analyses were performed using correlation analysis and Kruskal-Wallis
tests. Results showed that increasing Pb concentrations negatively affected plant width and
height, with 25 ppm exhibiting the most growth inhibition. However, C. diffusa maintained
growth at 12.5 ppm and in Zapote soil, showing resilience under moderate contamination.
The highest BCF (1.22) and BAF (1.13) were observed at 12.5 ppm, with a TF close to 1,
indicating optimal phytoextraction performance. At 25 ppm and in Zapote soil, lead was
retained mostly in roots (TF < 1), suggesting a shift toward phytostabilization. The study
concludes that C. diffusa demonstrates dual remediation capacity, phytoextraction at
moderate Pb levels and phytostabilization at higher or natural contamination levels, making

it a viable, low-cost, and ecologically sustainable candidate for in-situ remediation of lead-
contaminated riverbank soils.

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