Alenain, Airies B.

M-crop: enhancing sustainable agriculture practices integrating a cloud and iot-based soil monitoring system/ Airies B. Alenain, Jeremiah S. Alico, Dave Lester D. De Villena, Crystal Jade B. Pacanan, and Mick Allen O. Sanchez.-- - Manila: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025. - xiii, 121pages: 29cm.

Bachelor's thesis

College of Industrial Technology.--

Includes bibliographic references and index.

The tradition of planting crops in the Philippines is deeply embedded in its
agricultural heritage, which remains a major source of livelihood for millions of Filipinos.
However, traditional farming practices often employ manual practices and assessment,
which can lead to inefficient crop production and mismanagement of nutrients needed for
the crops. To address the challenge, the project develops a modern soil monitoring system
utilizing RS485-enabled NPK/salinity and moisture sensors integrated with
microcontrollers. Real-time data is transmitted via an ESP32 to cloud platforms like
Firebase, allowing mobile access and analysis. By enabling farmers to track essential soil
parameters — Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, moisture, and salinity — this system
empowers data-informed decisions for optimized fertilizer application and irrigation

practices. This directly aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (UN-
SDG) 12: Responsible Consumption and Production. The M-CROP system facilitates a

significant reduction in agricultural waste through precise input use, minimizes
environmental impact from chemical runoff, and promotes efficient resource conservation.
It supports sustainable land use, helps maximize crop yield, and maintains long-term soil
productivity. This initiative bridges traditional agriculture with modern technology,
fostering a smarter, sustainable farming experience in the Philippines, contributing to both
local food security and global efforts toward responsible resource management. The system
successfully passed evaluation based on criteria described in ISO/IEC 25010 and 30162
IoT compatibility with 4.76 out of five-point Likert scale with a qualitative interpretation
of Excellent.


Soil monitoring
Precision agriculture
UN-SDG 12

BTH QA 76.9 / A44 2025