Cabadsan, Andrialyn D.  <br/><br/>
Utilization of gumamela flower (hibiscus rosa-sinensis) as an alternative source of pigment for watercolor/ 
Andrialyn D. Cabadsan, Ma. Jezelle P. Cabuang, Arvin Rey B. Cornelio, Rosemarie G. Fuertes, Janna Suņir, Jonathan T. Lapira, and John Vincent B. Tomimbang.-- 
 - Manila:  Technological University of the Philippines,  2025. 
 - xiii, 93pages:  29cm. 
<br/><br/> Bachelor's thesis<br/><br/><br/> 
<br/><br/>College of Industrial Technology.--<br/> 
<br/><br/>Includes bibliographic references and index. 
<br/><br/> This project, titled "Utilization of Gumamela Flower (Hibiscus rosas-sinensis) as an<br/>Alternative Source of Pigment for Watercolor," to produce an alternative ink for papers and<br/>canvas using gumamela flowers, providing students with a sustainable option for<br/>watercolor creation. The study focuses on investigating the safety, and environmental<br/>impact of non-toxic pigments in watercolor painting. The abstract highlights the growing<br/>demand for highlighting non-toxic pigments as a promising choice for artists seeking<br/>creative expression and sustainability. The innovative method of boiling gumamela<br/>flowers, collecting sap, dehydrating petals, and drying them for two weeks produces a<br/>powdery substance, enhancing watercolor pigment production. Alkalinity results indicate<br/>weak colorant pigmentation. According to Adamson University Technology Research and<br/>Development Center (AUTRDC) the evaluation results of viscosity using the Engler<br/>method was not applicable due to the insufficient volume of 60 ml required to achieve the<br/>best fluid consistency, a minimum volume of 250 ml is necessary. Permanence testing<br/>revealed that the color remained unchanged without fading after several days. The<br/>transparency test indicated a semi-transparent quality as the watercolor overlapped a<br/>previously added dark ink line. Expert and student evaluations in the field of printing were<br/>conducted to assess the produced watercolor's acceptability in terms of functionality,<br/>workability, durability, aesthetics, economy, and safety. The overall mean rating was 4.58<br/>with descriptive rating of Highly Acceptable. Economy scored 4.56, and Workability<br/>scored 4.35, showing excellent performance overall. Indicates that the produce is<br/>acceptable as an alternative source of pigment for watercolor. 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>Watercolor<br/>Non-toxic<br/>Sustainable
<br/><br/><label>LC Class. No.: </label>BTH TP 949   / C33 2025