Utilization of waste pili (canarium ovatum) pulp as an alternative material for waterbased ink marker/ Race Anne G. Bayan, Justine Ezce A. Jose, Luis Miguel D. Laison, Irene L. Romero, and Jerrinel A. San Marcos.--

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Bayan, Race Anne G [author]

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Material type: Text

TextPublication details: Manila: Technological Univeristy of the Philippines, 2025.Description: xv, 127pages: 29cmContent type:

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BTH TP 949 B39 2025

Dissertation note: College of Industrial Technology.-- Bachelor of technology major in print media technology: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025. Summary: The research study was undertaken to formulate an organic marker ink from waste pili pulp as the main source of pigment. In the production process, water and glycol were used for solvents whereas alum, gum Arabic, silica and hydrochloric acid were used as additives. In the process, the pili pulp wasfirst cut to pieces and ground to fine condition. The pigment was then harvested through use of ethanol and fumed silica. Spectrophotometry was used to analyze the extract, resulting in a level of light absorbency of 0.0164%, and Apricot was determined to be its color through visible analysis. After extraction the mixture was dried and powdered. Later on other additives and solvents were added. The ink samples were subjected to a series of laboratory evaluations, such as viscosity tests, visual color examinations, and spectrophotometric examinations as well as toxicity tests. The obtained evaluation results showed the ink with a viscosity of 91cP and a light brown color, but with less than 1 ppm heavy metals, and a light UV absorbing mark of 0.087%. In addition to this, the marker ink was evaluated by 18 students, 5 faculties, and 2 specialist according to seven points evaluation criteria provided by TAP. According to ratings given on a scale of 1 to 5, the results reflected that the marker ink was highly acceptable in terms of functionality obtained an average 4.73. For the other categories the ratings were as follows: The workability got 4.67, the durability scored 4.63, the economy was placed at 4.57, the safety was assured 4.84, and saleability averaged 4.65. Also, the ink was deemed very acceptable in terms of aesthetics, having average score of 4.15. Overall the product got an average rating of 4.61 (Highly Acceptable) and it was indicated that the pulp of pili could be used as an alternative material for water based ink markers.

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Item type	Current library	Shelving location	Call number	Copy number	Status	Date due	Barcode
Bachelor's Thesis CIT	TUP Manila Library	Thesis Section-2nd floor	BTH TP 949 B39 2025 (Browse shelf(Opens below))	c.1.	Not for loan		BTH0006563

Bachelor's thesis

College of Industrial Technology.-- Bachelor of technology major in print media technology: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025.

Includes bibliographic references and index.

The research study was undertaken to formulate an organic marker ink from waste pili pulp
as the main source of pigment. In the production process, water and glycol were used for
solvents whereas alum, gum Arabic, silica and hydrochloric acid were used as additives.
In the process, the pili pulp wasfirst cut to pieces and ground to fine condition. The pigment
was then harvested through use of ethanol and fumed silica. Spectrophotometry was used
to analyze the extract, resulting in a level of light absorbency of 0.0164%, and Apricot was
determined to be its color through visible analysis. After extraction the mixture was dried
and powdered. Later on other additives and solvents were added. The ink samples were
subjected to a series of laboratory evaluations, such as viscosity tests, visual color
examinations, and spectrophotometric examinations as well as toxicity tests. The obtained
evaluation results showed the ink with a viscosity of 91cP and a light brown color, but with
less than 1 ppm heavy metals, and a light UV absorbing mark of 0.087%. In addition to
this, the marker ink was evaluated by 18 students, 5 faculties, and 2 specialist according to
seven points evaluation criteria provided by TAP. According to ratings given on a scale of
1 to 5, the results reflected that the marker ink was highly acceptable in terms of
functionality obtained an average 4.73. For the other categories the ratings were as follows:
The workability got 4.67, the durability scored 4.63, the economy was placed at 4.57, the
safety was assured 4.84, and saleability averaged 4.65. Also, the ink was deemed very
acceptable in terms of aesthetics, having average score of 4.15. Overall the product got an
average rating of 4.61 (Highly Acceptable) and it was indicated that the pulp of pili could
be used as an alternative material for water based ink markers.

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