Property characterization of concrete blocks utilizing bambusa blumeana leaf ash as a partial cement replacement/
Balagat, Donna Mae N.
Property characterization of concrete blocks utilizing bambusa blumeana leaf ash as a partial cement replacement/ Donna Mae N. Balagat, Eisenhower Laverne V. Cristobal, Rheynan D. Dunton, Krizzie Mae T. Marfil, Fatima Faye G. Palisoc, and Shaira Mae F. Quigao.-- - Manila: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025. - xvi, 154pages: 29cm.
Bachelor's thesis
College Of Engineering.--
Includes bibliographic references and index.
The Philippines is the sixth largest exporter of bamboo globally, with kawayan-tinik (Bambusa
blumeana) being one of the most significant bamboo species found locally. Cement, a critical and
costly building material, is a major contributor to CO2 emissions in the construction industry.
Bamboo leaf ash (BLA), derived from bamboo leaves often regarded as waste, presents an eco-
friendly and cost-effective alternative to partially replace cement in concrete production. This
study evaluates the potential of calcined BLA as a sustainable substitute for Ordinary Portland
Cement (OPC) by examining its performance in cementitious mixtures. Concrete samples were
prepared with varying BLA substitution levels (0%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, and 15%) at a fixed
water-to-cement ratio of 0.55. Results show that a 7% BLA substitution achieved a compressive
strength of 22.18 MPa on the 28th day, meeting the target mean strength for concrete. The
findings demonstrate that incorporating 7% BLA can reduce material costs and environmental
impact while utilizing bamboo waste effectively. The study highlights the vast potential of
bamboo resources in the Philippines, where bamboo forests cover approximately 39,000 to
53,000 hectares. It underscores the environmental and economic advantages of adopting BLA in
the construction industry. Recommendations for future research include exploring alternative
calcination processes, investigating reinforcement options, and testing BLA from different
bamboo species. These steps aim to optimize BLA utilization and further establish its role as a
sustainable material in concrete production.
Bamboo leaf ash (BLA)
Bambusa blumeana
Cement replacement
BTH TA 145 / B35 2024
Property characterization of concrete blocks utilizing bambusa blumeana leaf ash as a partial cement replacement/ Donna Mae N. Balagat, Eisenhower Laverne V. Cristobal, Rheynan D. Dunton, Krizzie Mae T. Marfil, Fatima Faye G. Palisoc, and Shaira Mae F. Quigao.-- - Manila: Technological University of the Philippines, 2025. - xvi, 154pages: 29cm.
Bachelor's thesis
College Of Engineering.--
Includes bibliographic references and index.
The Philippines is the sixth largest exporter of bamboo globally, with kawayan-tinik (Bambusa
blumeana) being one of the most significant bamboo species found locally. Cement, a critical and
costly building material, is a major contributor to CO2 emissions in the construction industry.
Bamboo leaf ash (BLA), derived from bamboo leaves often regarded as waste, presents an eco-
friendly and cost-effective alternative to partially replace cement in concrete production. This
study evaluates the potential of calcined BLA as a sustainable substitute for Ordinary Portland
Cement (OPC) by examining its performance in cementitious mixtures. Concrete samples were
prepared with varying BLA substitution levels (0%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, and 15%) at a fixed
water-to-cement ratio of 0.55. Results show that a 7% BLA substitution achieved a compressive
strength of 22.18 MPa on the 28th day, meeting the target mean strength for concrete. The
findings demonstrate that incorporating 7% BLA can reduce material costs and environmental
impact while utilizing bamboo waste effectively. The study highlights the vast potential of
bamboo resources in the Philippines, where bamboo forests cover approximately 39,000 to
53,000 hectares. It underscores the environmental and economic advantages of adopting BLA in
the construction industry. Recommendations for future research include exploring alternative
calcination processes, investigating reinforcement options, and testing BLA from different
bamboo species. These steps aim to optimize BLA utilization and further establish its role as a
sustainable material in concrete production.
Bamboo leaf ash (BLA)
Bambusa blumeana
Cement replacement
BTH TA 145 / B35 2024